PHQ-9 — Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Gold standard for depression screening and severity monitoring in primary care (Kroenke et al., 2001). Validated for ≥12 years.
Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems?
1. Little interest or pleasure in doing things
2. Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless
3. Trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much
4. Feeling tired or having little energy
5. Poor appetite or overeating
6. Feeling bad about yourself — or that you are a failure
7. Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading or watching TV
8. Moving or speaking so slowly that others could have noticed; or being so fidgety/restless
9. Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself